Layers 7 through 4 are geared more to the application than the lower layers, which are designed to move packets from one place to another no matter what they contain. Layer 5 provides coordination.

The Transport Layer, or Layer 4 of the OSI model, is where the magic happens in network communication. It's like a traffic controller, managing the flow of data between devices. It uses protocols ...

Abstract: This chapter defines each of the Open Systems Interconnection reference model (OSI model) layers using hands‐on labs and theory. The OSI model is a reference model used to define how data ...

which resides at layers 3 and 4. To understand network communications, it is essential to learn about the protocol layers (see OSI model). The IP layer 3 breaks apart the data being transmitted ...